Code By Clockwork: January 2013

In jQuery it is often necessary to iterate over a collection to manipulate multiple objects. A common mistake when doing so is to iterate over every object when it is not needed.

For example, let's say I have an unordered list where the 5th item in each list needs a CSS class added to it. A common way to do this would be like so:

	$('ul li').each(function(i){
	if((i+1) % 5 == 0){
	$(this).addClass('bold');
	}
	});

view raw jqueryIterativeExample1 hosted with ❤ by GitHub

This will iterate over the entire collection of list-items and track the iterations in i. It will compare each iteration of i to modulus 5, and if this is a iteration that has a modulus 5 of 0, then add the CSS class.

Now take for example the power of nth-child selectors.

$('ul li:nth-child(5n)').addClass('bold');

view raw jqueryIterativeExample2 hosted with ❤ by GitHub

With one line we accomplish exactly the same result, but with very few operations. It is important here to note that I used "5n" and not "5". Simply using "5" would only bold the 5th li in every ul affected, while "5n" will add the class to each multiple of 5 in all ul's affected.

One of the top gripes I have with current web standards is an almost complete lack of support for styling HTML selects with anything other than a few colors or size modifications in IE or Firefox.

Recently, I had a project where I wanted a fresh look to all my input forms, making them appear as single gray lines like you would find on a pen-and-paper form.

Here is the initial set up for the project:

	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
	<html>
	<body>
	<input type="text" name="dndName" id="dndName" class="flat" tabindex=1 />
	<select name="dndClasses" id="dndClasses" class="flat styledSelect" tabindex=2>
	<option value="cleric">Cleric</a>
	<option value="fighter">Fighter</a>
	<option value="thief">Thief</a>
	<option value="wizard">Wizard</a>
	</select>
	</body>
	</html>

view raw styled selects setup hosted with ❤ by GitHub

With initial styling, we end up with this:

	.flat
	{
	border: 2px solid white;
	border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
	font-size: 12px;
	padding: 4px 7px -5px 0;
	margin:2px 0 2px 0;
	outline: 0;
	width:150px;
	}

view raw styled selects css step1 hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Chrome

Firefox

Looking good! In fact, it will be perfect if we can just get rid of that darn down arrow to make the inputs look identical!

In chrome, this is a simple matter of adding one line to our flat class: -webkit-appearance: none

This line will tell any webkit browser to ignore the default styling they usually apply to controls and instead use the one I've defined. For selects, this has the effect of completely removing the dropdown arrow, leaving me with exactly what I want:

Chrome with -webkit-appearance:none

However, this does not address IE and Firefox, neither of which are webkit. Unfortunately, there is no way to simply style away the down arrow in these two browsers. So, what now? This is where things get annoying. In a perfect world, there would be a selector for all browsers such as chrome has, but because there is not, you might as well not even use it in chrome, since this hack for Firefox and IE will do the trick in chrome as well.

First we need to alter the markup.

	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
	<html>
	<body>
	<input type="text" name="dndName" id="dndName" class="flat" tabindex=1 />
	<span class="styledSelectCont">
	<select name="dndClasses" id="dndClasses" class="flat styledSelect" tabindex=2>
	<option value="cleric">Cleric</a>
	<option value="fighter">Fighter</a>
	<option value="thief">Thief</a>
	<option value="wizard">Wizard</a>
	</select>
	</span>
	</body>
	</html>

view raw styled select setup final hosted with ❤ by GitHub

...and the css...

	.flat
	{
	border: 2px solid white;
	border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
	font-size: 12px;
	padding: 4px 0 -5px 0;
	margin:0;
	outline: 0;
	width:150px;
	}

	.styledSelect
	{
	display: inline-block;
	width: 185px;
	height: 28px;/use height to hide top border under parent container boundaries for ie7/
	background: transparent;
	border: none; /removes border in all browsers except ie7/
	margin:-2px 0 0 -4px;
	padding:2px 0 5px 0;
	}

	.styledSelectCont
	{
	display: inline-block;
	width: 151px;
	height:15px;
	overflow: hidden;
	border: 2px solid white;
	border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
	}

view raw styled select css final hosted with ❤ by GitHub

The select itself needs to go inside of a span. This span will have overflow:hidden, and a width smaller than the width of the select. This means the the down arrow is still technically there, but is running off the right edge of the span and is thus invisible to the user. We will also set the container span's height to something smaller than the height of the select, so that the top border of the select is now invisible. This is because IE7 is a pain in the butt and likes to ignore "border: none" on select objects.

Manipulating the padding and margins around a bit, and adjusting width as needed, gives us a way to have consistent select of any style or, in my case, a boring gray line that I think looks awesome.

The last three lines are dropdowns!
Gregor the Bold, rides again! kye yah!

Final Code

	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

	<html>
	<head>

	<style type="text/css">

	.flat
	{
	border: 2px solid white;
	border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
	font-size: 12px;
	padding: 4px 0 -5px 0;
	margin:0;
	outline: 0;
	width:150px;
	}

	.styledSelect
	{
	display: inline-block;
	width: 185px;
	height: 28px;/use height to hide top border under parent container boundaries for ie7/
	background: transparent;
	border: none; /removes border in all browsers except ie7/
	margin:-2px 0 0 -4px;
	padding:2px 0 5px 0;
	}

	.styledSelectCont
	{
	display: inline-block;
	width: 151px;
	height:15px;
	overflow: hidden;
	border: 2px solid white;
	border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
	}


	</style>
	</head>

	<body>
	<input type="text" name="dndName" id="dndName" class="flat" tabindex=1 />
	<span class="styledSelectCont">
	<select name="dndClasses" id="dndClasses" class="flat styledSelect" tabindex=2>
	<option value="cleric">Cleric</a>
	<option value="fighter">Fighter</a>
	<option value="thief">Thief</a>
	<option value="wizard">Wizard</a>
	</select>
	</span>
	</body>
	</html>

view raw styled select final code hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Code By Clockwork

Friday, January 25, 2013

jQuery - iterating on every nth object in a collection

Wednesday, January 23, 2013

Styling HTML Selects (Dropdown Hack)